Senate approves changes to the Quota Law and reduces maximum income for enrollment in reserved places

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The proposal also includes quilombolas in the reservation of places and provides for inclusion policies in postgraduate studies. Already approved by the Chamber, the project goes to presidential sanction. Senate Plenary approves project that revises the Quota Law The Federal Senate approved, this Tuesday (24), an amendment to the Quota Law for higher education institutions that restricts access for low-income people. The text goes to presidential sanction. One of the changes defines that 50% of admission places in undergraduate courses will be allocated to students with a family income equal to or less than the minimum wage. Currently, the income ceiling to benefit from the reserve is one and a half minimum wages. As a result, the new text restricts the universe of people who could seek a place in higher education. Currently, the law allows people with a family income of up to R$1,980 to use the rule to gain a place. With the text approved by Congress, only those with income equal to or less than R$1,320 will be able to benefit. For the rapporteur, senator Paulo Paim (PT-RS), the change will be beneficial as it guarantees “more places” for those with less income. “It ensures more places for poorer people, which is in line with the constitutional objectives of reducing poverty and inequality”, he explained. Senator Flávio Bolsonaro (PL-RJ) proposed, in an amendment, the return of the cutoff range at one and a half minimum wages — and, in another amendment, proposed the complete withdrawal of filling vacancies taking into account color conditions of each person. He further stated that the review was carried out “without any basis”. The proposal was rejected. “As the Federal Court of Auditors observed, ‘it is not possible to assess the real impact of the quota policy and the actions necessary for it to have an effective result in society’. Now, if there is a data blackout, promoting a purely ideological review is irresponsible. It is correct to promote an expansion of the quota policy, moving it away from racial criteria and leaving it purely under the aegis of social fragility and economic hyposufficiency”, he criticized. The text also includes quilombolas in the quotas (see details below). Session in the Senate plenary this Tuesday (24). Waldemir Barreto/Agência Senado Delay in reevaluation The update of the text occurs a year later than originally planned (see below). The text approved by parliamentarians also provides, among other points: inclusion of quilombolas in the vacancy reserve; inclusion policies for black, mixed-race, indigenous and quilombola and people with disabilities in postgraduate programs; and evaluation of the program every 10 years, with annual monitoring cycles Míriam Leitão on the Quota Law: ‘We have to look at all Brazilian social problems with a racial focus’ What changes In addition to the change in the maximum income for participation in reserve vacancies, the The following points of the current legislation will also be changed: Broad competition Upon entry, candidates will initially compete for positions with broad competition — contested by everyone. If they do not achieve the grades in this modality, they will then compete for the places reserved by the Quota Law. Inclusion of quilombolas in the reserve The project includes quilombolas among the profiles that are entitled to fill vacancies in the same proportion as they occupy in the population of each state. Current legislation provides this right to self-declared black, brown and indigenous people and people with disabilities. Remaining vacancies If the vacancies established in the subquotas are not filled, the project gives priority first to other subquotas — and only then to students from public schools, in general. Current legislation says that, if sub-quota places are not filled, the reserves go directly to other public school students. Assessments According to the project, assessments of the Quota Law will be carried out every 10 years — and no longer a review, as provided for in the current law. The proposal also establishes that the Ministry of Education publishes, annually, a report with information about the policy, such as data on student access, retention and completion Student aid Quota holders will have priority in receiving student aid. Proportion calculation According to the proposal, after three years of publishing the Census results, the Executive Branch must adopt a methodology to annually update the proportion of black, brown, indigenous, quilombola and people with disabilities in each state. This can be done three years after the Census results are released. Today, only the Census can be used as a parameter. Postgraduate In postgraduate programs, the proposal foresees that federal higher education institutions will promote policies for the inclusion of black, mixed race, indigenous and quilombola people, in addition to people with disabilities. Understand the law Sanctioned in 2012, the law guarantees that half of the places in federal institutes and universities are reserved for former students from the public education system. It also provides for two other subquotas: for low-income students; and for black, brown, indigenous people and people with disabilities. The original text established that a review of affirmative action should be carried out 10 years after the sanction — that is, in 2022. Congress, however, resisted making the change in an election year, for fear of setbacks in the measures. The measure was only approved by the Chamber in August of this year.

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