Encouragement of healthy eating and guidance for government policies and purchases; understand the new basic basket

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Basket is made up of fresh or minimally processed foods. The rule does not change the list of tax-exempt foods, as the topic will still be discussed in the tax reform. The federal government published a decree last Wednesday (6) that establishes the new basic food basket, made up of fresh or minimally processed foods and culinary ingredients, such as beans, fruits, roots, cereals, nuts, oils, meat and eggs. The new legislation does not modify the list of foods taken into account when calculating the minimum wage and does not change the list of tax-exempt products. For these two cases (minimum wage and tax exemption), the government uses another basket formulation. Furthermore, the tax reform regulation, under discussion in the National Congress, will define a basket of products exempt from taxes or with a lower rate. President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s decree does not oblige governments (federal, state and municipal) and companies to follow this new version of the basic food basket, explains the National Secretary of Food and Nutritional Security of the Ministry of Social Development (MDS), Lilian Rahal . The decree serves as a “guide” for policies and programs related to the production, supply and consumption of healthy foods. “For us to move towards a healthier and more sustainable food system, which has less incidence of excess weight and fewer health problems, we need to expand access to foods considered healthy to the detriment of unhealthy ones, which are especially ultra-processed foods”, he states. the Secretary. Government publishes new rules for the basic basket Uses of the new basic basket The government may use the list of the new basic basket to define products to be purchased in tenders, for example, school meals or food distribution for needy populations, as was the case recent case of the Yanomami. “When you place a bid, you need a technical note that says what you will get when you buy it. The new decree guides this work of the ministries”, explains Rahal. Another possibility for using the new basic basket is in defining rural credit, technical assistance, insurance and marketing policies. If the government, through the Ministries of Agriculture and Agrarian Development, decides to provide more subsidies to finance the production of foods that are included in the decree, such as rice and beans, it can use the decree to justify the choice. Read also: ‘We have to do things, we’ve been in government for a year’, says Lula when signing decrees to combat food insecurity Government publishes list with examples of foods that make up the new basic food basket; check out Tax reform: what can change in the basic food basket Director of Promotion of Adequate and Healthy Food at MDS, Patricia Gentil understands that the new legislation provides more legal security for public managers and can also guide the discussion regarding taxes on food, that will be made in the regulation of tax reform. One of the main points of the reform, approved last year by deputies and senators, deals with basic food basket items. It is expected that some products will be exempt, and others may have a reduced rate (40% of the total). “Our expectation is that both lists are in line with the decree. The decree can support a tax reform that is more compatible with health policy”, says Gentil. Regional realities Rahal and Gentil highlight that, among the advances of the new basic basket, is the more extensive list of foods and the fact that it takes into account regional realities of production and consumption. Thus, the legislation encourages food that is accessible from a physical and financial point of view depending on where people live. “The basket is innovative because it interacts with biomes and eating habits. Why only have wheat flour in your basic basket? You may have cassava flour. You can have chickpeas instead of beans. Açaí is cheaper in the North than in the South. They are foods produced in Brazil, they are part of a healthy diet”, says Gentil. Rahal reinforces the “guideline” nature of the decree by highlighting that there is no closed model of basic food basket distributed by governments or sold in commerce, as each state can include products. The ‘new basic basket’ focuses on encouraging healthy eating. Ideally, a basic food basket should contain foods from groups defined by the federal government, but this must also take regional characteristics into account. “In public administration, when you provide baskets to certain populations that live in a situation of food insecurity, you adapt the purchase according to budget availability and the demand of that population, with what that population has the habit of consuming or will satisfy meet needs better,” says Rahal. Definitions The decree selected 10 food groups for the new basic food basket, defined as “a set of foods that seeks to guarantee the human right to adequate and healthy food, health and well-being of the Brazilian population”. The new legislation also addresses the definitions of fresh or minimally processed food and culinary ingredients. In natura or minimally processed foods are those “those obtained directly from plants, animals or fungi and acquired for consumption without having undergone any alteration after leaving nature or having been subjected” to alterations such as grinding, roasting, dehydration, slicing and others. Culinary ingredients are “products extracted from natural foods, such as oils, fats and sugars, or from nature, such as salt, through processes such as pressing, grinding, crushing, pulverizing and refining”. Fresh versus ultra-processed The decree determined that processed foods can only be added to the basic food basket exceptionally, with authorization from the Ministry of Development and Social Assistance. Ultra-processed foods, which are those produced with food additives — such as colorings and flavorings — and substances of rare culinary use, are prevented from being included in the basic food basket. Food groups and examples The decree divided the foods in the new basic food basket into 10 groups and published an ordinance with examples of products. 1. Beans (legumes) Beans of all colors (black, white, purple, mulatinho, green, carioca, fradinho, brindle, butter, jalo, corda, andú, among others) Peas Lentils Chickpeas Fava Guandu Padre’s ear 2. Cereals White, brown or parboiled rice, in bulk or packaged Corn in grain or on the cob Wheat grains Oats Corn, wheat and other cereal flours Macaroni or pasta made with the above flours or semolina, water and/or eggs, in addition to other natural or minimally processed foods. Breads made from wheat flour or other flours made from natural and minimally processed foods, yeast, water, salt or other natural and minimally processed foods. 3. Roots and tubers: Ariá English Potato Sweet Potato Baroa Potato/Mandioquinha, Cream Potato Cará Amazonian Cará Cará de Espinho Yam Cassava/Macaxeira/Cassava, and other roots and tubers in natura or packaged, fractionated, chilled or frozen Minimally processed cassava flour, among other flours and preparations derived from cassava (such as carimã flour, uarini flour; maniçoba and tucupi, tapioca flour/gum, among others) 4. Vegetables Pumpkin/jerimum Zucchini Chard Watercress Lettuce Chicoba Garlic Leek Sorrel Eggplant Beet Purslane Bertalha Broccoli Bamboo shoots Capicoba Nasturtium Needlebur Caruru Catalonya Onion Chives Carrot Chicory Pará Chicory Pará Chicory Chayote Cabbage Cauliflower Croá Crem Dente- dandelion Escarola, Spinach Gueroba Gila Guariroba Jambu, Jiló Jurubeba Major-gomes Maxixe Mini-cucumber Mustard Muricato Ora-pro-nóbis Palm Cucumber Peperômia Pepper Puxuri Okra Radite Cabbage Arugula Parsley Serralha Taioba Tomato Nettle Vinagreira Green beans Other vegetables, preserved in brine or salt and vinegar solution; tomato extract or concentrates or other fresh and minimally processed foods (with salt and/or sugar). 5. Fruits The group takes into consideration fresh or dried packaged, fractionated, chilled or frozen items, as well as pulp. Avocado Pineapple Abiu Abricó Açaí Single Açaí Acerola Plum Blackberry Araçá Araçá-boi Araçá-pear Araticum Aroeira-pepper Arumbeva Atemoia Babaçu Bacaba Bacupari Bacuri Banana Baru Biribá Brejaúva Buriti Butiá Cacau Cagaita Cajarana Cajá Caju Cashew from the cerrado Cajuí Cambuci Cambuí Camu-camu Persimmon Carambola Rio Grande Cherry Ciriguela Coconut Coconut-headed Coconut-indaiá Coquinho-azedo Coro-de-frade Croá Cubiu Cupuaçu Cupuí Cutite Curriola Fig Fisalis Breadfruit Guava Guava Soursop Guabiroba Grumixama Guapeva Guaraná Inajá Ingá Jaca Jabuticaba Jambo Jambolão Jaracatiá Jatobá Jenipapo Juá Juçara Jurubeba Kiwi Orange Lemon Lobeira Apple Macaúba Maman Mandacaru Papaya Mandacaru Mango Mangaba Mapati Passion Fruit Dog Marmalade Watermelon Melon Tangerine/Tangerine/Bergamot Strawberry Murici Nectarine Pajurá Patauá Pequi Pear Cerrado Pear Peach Piquiá Pinecone/Fruit count Pinhão Pitanga Pitomba Puninha Pomegranate Sapucaia Sapoti Sapota Seriguela Sete-capotes Sorva Tamarindo Taperebá Tucumã Umari Umbu Umbu-cajá Grape Uvaia Uxi -do-pará) Agouti chestnut Chicken chestnut Chichá Licuri Macaúba and other oilseeds without salt or sugar 7. Meat and eggs Beef, pork, lamb, goat and poultry, fish and other fresh or minimally processed meat usually local, fresh, chilled or frozen Poultry eggs Canned sardines and tuna 8. Milk and cheeses Pasteurized or industrialized fluid milk, in ultra-pasteurized form Powdered, whole, semi-skimmed or skimmed milk Natural yogurt without added sugar, sweetener or additives that modify the sensorial characteristics of the product Cheeses made from milk and salt (and microorganisms used to ferment the milk) 9. Sugars, salt, oils and fats Soybean, sunflower, corn and palm oils, among vegetable oils Olive oil Butter Lard White, demerara or brown table sugar Honey Table salt 10. Coffee, tea, mate and spices Coffee Tea Yerba mate Pepper Black pepper, Cinnamon Cumin Cloves Coriander Nutmeg Ginger Saffron Turmeric

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