With a year delay, the Chamber approves the update of the Quota Law; see what can change

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Law from 2012 determined review of affirmative actions until last year. The proposal, which is going to the Senate, includes quilombolas in the reservation of vacancies and provides policies for inclusion in postgraduate studies. Deputies celebrate the approval of a project that updates the Quota Law The Chamber of Deputies approved, in a symbolic vote, this Wednesday (9) the project that updates the Quota Law. The proposal goes to the Senate. Enacted in 2012, the law ensures that half of the vacancies in federal institutes and universities are reserved for former students of the public education network. It also provides for two other sub-quotas: for low-income students; and for blacks, browns, indigenous peoples and people with disabilities. The original text established that a review of affirmative action should be carried out 10 years after the sanction – that is, in 2022. Congress, however, resisted making the change in an election year, for fear of setbacks in the measures. With a year delay and in the month in which the law completes 11 in force, the deputies approved the update of the text (see below) which, among other points, foresees: inclusion of quilombolas in the vacancy reserve reduction of family per capita income candidate’s maximum quota for political inclusion in graduate programs for blacks, browns, indigenous peoples, quilombolas and people with disabilities and evaluation of the program every 10 years, with annual monitoring cycles Initially, the opinion of the rapporteur, congresswoman Dandara ( PT-MG), foresaw the implementation of so-called hetero-identification boards to validate candidate self-declarations. In accordance with PL and Novo to enable the analysis of the project, the device was removed. Dandara stated that the text is the result of a “collective effort” and thanked the “sensitivity” of opposition leaders. Classified by parliamentarians as “historic”, the vote was accompanied by the Minister of Racial Equality, Anielle Franco. Minister Anielle Franco (Racial Equality) follows the vote on the project that updates the Quota Law in the plenary of the Chamber of Deputies, in Brasília, this Wednesday (9) Reproduction / TV Câmara Changes ▶️ How it was: Example of how the Quota Law works in a class of 100 students, in a state with 5% of the inhabitants black, 29% brown, 2% indigenous and 8% with disabilities Art/g1 The current Law of Costas provides for the reservation of vacancies in federal educational institutions. According to the text, the division occurs as follows: 50% of the vacancies offered in each undergraduate course must be destined to students who attended high school entirely in the public system From this initial reservation, other sub-quotas are created: at least 50% of the Reserved places must be filled by students with a per capita family income of less than 1.5 minimum wages. Most recent census by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) The same reservations are applied for admission to mid-level technical courses offered by federal educational institutions. ▶️ What the approved text proposes: Deputies celebrate the approval of the project that updates the Quotas Law in the Chamber Reproduction / TV Câmara Dandara proposed some changes in the text of the current law. According to the text approved by the deputies, the following points will be changed: Wide competition On entry, candidates will initially compete for vacancies with wide competition — disputed by all. If they do not reach the grades in this modality, they then start to compete for the vacancies reserved by the Quota Law. Update on socioeconomic criteria Reduction of per capita family income of students who are entitled to reserve vacancies by socioeconomic criteria for a minimum wage — and not 1.5, as it is today. Inclusion of quilombolas in the reserve The project includes quilombolas among the profiles that are entitled to fill vacancies in the same proportion that they occupy in the population of each state. Current legislation provides this right for self-declared blacks, browns and indigenous peoples and people with disabilities. Remaining vacancies If the vacancies established in the sub-quotas are not filled, the project gives priority first to other sub-quotas — and only then to public school students, in general. The current legislation says that, in case of non-filling of sub-quota vacancies, reservations go directly to other students from public schools. Assessments According to the project, assessments of the Quota Law will be carried out every 10 years — and no longer a review, as foreseen by the current law. The proposal also establishes that the Ministry of Education publishes, annually, a report with information on the policy, such as data on access, permanence and completion of students. Student aid Quota holders will have priority in receiving student aid. Proportion calculation According to the proposal, three years after the Census result has been released, the Executive Branch must adopt a methodology to annually update the proportion of blacks, browns, indigenous peoples, quilombolas and people with disabilities in each state. This can be done three years after the release of the Census results. Today, only the Census can be used as a parameter Graduate studies In graduate programs, the proposal provides that federal higher education institutions will promote policies for the inclusion of blacks, browns, indigenous peoples and quilombolas, as well as people with disabilities. 10 years of the Quota Law: percentage of black and brown students in higher education reaches 46% in 2020 Combating inequalities The Quota Law completes ten years: understand what it is, how it works and its impact In his opinion, Dandara stated that the Law of Quotas gave “effectiveness to the Statute of Racial Equality” and “it is a measure to ensure the participation of the black population, in equal opportunities, in the economic, social, political and cultural life of the country”. “Even with the abolition of slavery and the prediction of a series of fundamental rights that aim at the equality and dignity of the human person, in Brazil social inequality and discrimination of races and ethnicities, continue to be a reality, which is why quotas were instituted. races as affirmative action,” he wrote. The deputy also said that affirmative actions are of “extreme importance” to combat social inequalities. “Public policies, through affirmative actions, are extremely important, as state measures, in order to combat the accumulation of inequalities, mainly with regard to insertion in the world of work and access to public higher education so that more people black and indigenous women can reach an equal situation.” Discussion at the STF In July this year, the Green Party asked the Federal Supreme Court (STF) to set a deadline for Congress to review the law. Minister Luís Roberto Barroso has already asked the Chamber, the Senate and the Presidency of the Republic for information on the subject.

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