Why are Brazilian voice actors protesting the regulation of artificial intelligence?

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The voices of Goku, Maggie Simpson, Lindinha and other characters joined forces to try to prevent the replacement of humans by robots that imitate speeches in movies and on TV. Voice actors Wendel Bezerra, Selma Lopes, Gilberto Baroli and Christiane Monteiro in videos supporting the Dublagem Viva movement Reproduction/Instagram Brazilian voice actors created a movement to call for the regulation of the use of artificial intelligence in films, series, video games and other audiovisual productions . The sector’s concern is that human artists will be replaced by systems capable of imitating real voices, based on vocal patterns identified in records available on the internet. A report from the University of Oxford, published in 2013, includes voice actors among professionals put at risk by the advancement of technology. “Our interest is not to prohibit any technological evolution, we just want to ensure that what is just a creation tool does not come to be understood as our creator”, says a manifesto from the Dublagem Viva campaign. The movement has the support of Wendel Bezerra, Portuguese voice of the character Goku from “Dragon Ball”, Gilberto Baroli, Saga from “Knights of the Zodiac”, Selma Lopes, Maggie Simpson, Christiane Monteiro, Lindinha from “As Meninas Superpoderosas”, among other names from Brazilian dubbing. A petition led by United Voice Artists, a global group of dubbing associations, has already gathered more than 50,000 signatures to prevent the replacement of human voice actors by robots. The limits to the use of artificial intelligence in audiovisual productions are the subject of debate around the world, and were one of the key points of the Hollywood actors’ strike, which lasted almost four months in 2023. Artificial intelligence launches first hit and upsets giants of the music; Who owns the copyright? Studios have been experimenting with AI in recent years, whether bringing back dead movie stars using realistic “digital replicas” or creating computer-generated extras to reduce the number of actors needed for battle scenes. According to the Actors’ Union, the agreement signed at the end of the strike does not block the use of AI, but guarantees artists fair compensation and the right to consent to have their images reproduced or altered by a computer. What do voice actors want? In Brazil, the Dublagem Viva movement calls for rules to be determined to “balance technological advances with the preservation of jobs and guarantee the quality of dubbing”. The campaign highlights that it is the role of vocal artists to give authenticity to the dubbed version of the productions and adapt the characters to the culture and context of each country. Initial plugin text “When you watch a film, you don’t see all the life that was put into the studio”, says Wendel Bezerra, voice of Goku, in a video about the campaign published on social media. “We rack our brains and use our natural intelligence to know how to communicate in the best way. To do this, sensitivity and artistic perception are necessary.” Among the limits for the use of artificial intelligence claimed by voice actors are: That AI not be used to reproduce actors’ voices in other languages ​​into Portuguese, with the purpose of replacing voice actors; That the use of AI in dubbing complies with copyright laws, employment contracts and agreements established with rights holders; That AI is not used to promote or perpetuate stereotypes, racial, ethnic, gender discrimination or any form of discrimination and prejudice; That the regulations are drawn up comprehensively and consult everyone involved in the sector, including dubbing professionals, production studios, copyright holders, experts and civil society. The movement’s manifesto calls for AI tools to only be used to assist and improve processes in audiovisual productions. “AI can help combat content piracy by providing more effective mechanisms to detect and block illegal reproductions, as well as creating voice recognition and content analysis tools to identify attempts at unauthorized use of dubbed material,” suggests the text. “It is essential to preserve the vocal expression, emotion and artistic interpretation that professionals bring to the dubbing process. Technology should be seen as a complementary tool, not a substitute.”

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