Government announces update of polio vaccine from 2024
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Reinforcement will be done with an injectable vaccine, after the transition period
The Ministry of Health will gradually replace the oral polio vaccine with the inactivated version of the vaccine starting in 2024. The recommendation was debated and approved by the Technical Advisory Board on Immunization, which considered the new scientific evidence for protection against the disease.
This update does not represent the immediate end of the immunizer in the version popularly known as droplet, but a technological advance for greater effectiveness of the vaccination schedule to be carried out after a transition period, the ministry said.
The recommendation of the technical chamber was for Brazil to adopt exclusively the inactivated polio vaccine in the booster at 15 months of age, which is currently done with the oral form of the vaccine. The injectable form is applied at two, four and six months of life, according to the National Vaccination Calendar. Therefore, after a transition period that begins in the first half of 2024, Brazilian children who complete the first three doses of the vaccine will only take a booster with the injectable vaccine at 15 months.
The booster dose currently applied at four years will no longer be necessary, as the vaccination schedule with four doses will guarantee protection against polio. The update considered epidemiological criteria, evidence related to the vaccine and international recommendations on the subject.
Society movements
The new recommendation was presented this Friday (7), during live [transmissão ao vivo pela internet] by the Minister of Health, Nísia Trindade, with the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (SBP).
“The resumption of high vaccination coverage is a priority for the federal government. This is a movement, not an isolated campaign, precisely because of the idea of continuity and constant monitoring of results. This work is not restricted to the Ministry of Health, which is why we are going where society’s movements are,” explained the minister.
Since 1989, there has been no notification of a polio case in Brazil, but vaccination coverage against the disease has suffered successive declines in recent years. Throughout Brazil, coverage was 77.19% last year, far from the target of 95% for this vaccine. Therefore, mobilization to resume high vaccination coverage in the country, which was once an international reference, is essential.
multivaccination
During the live, the action of multivaccination aimed at children under 15 years old with all vaccines in the national calendar was also addressed. The idea is to check the vaccination books and update them with the missing doses.
The Ministry of Health will pass on more than R$ 151 million for states and municipalities to invest in vaccination actions. The ordinance with the allocation of resources will be published in the coming weeks.
To combat the risk of reintroduction of diseases that have already been eliminated by vaccination – such as poliomyelitis – the ministry adopted micro-planning in which it works with states and municipalities to improve the planning of vaccination actions.
Teams will go to the states to participate in actions of this method, such as analysis of the data situation (local geographic, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics), definition of vaccination strategies, follow-up and monitoring of actions and evaluation of the entire vaccination process to reach of the goals.
Strategy
The idea is that the municipality organizes itself and plans considering the local reality. In this sense, the immunization strategy will be adapted according to the population, health structure and socioeconomic and geographic reality. Among the strategies that can be adopted through micro-planning by municipalities are vaccination in schools, active search for non-vaccinated individuals, vaccination in any contact with a health service, extramural vaccination, checking the vaccination booklet and intensifying vaccination in indigenous areas.
Based on this strategy, multivaccination was anticipated in border states, such as Acre and Amazonas. The next state to receive this action will be Amapá, starting on July 15th, with a Vaccination D-Day.
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