See the neighborhoods in SP with the highest incidence of dengue – 06/28/2023 – Health

Data from the Municipal Health Department show that Vila Guilherme and Santana, in the north zone, Penha, in the east, and Barra Funda, in the west, are the districts with the highest incidence of dengue in the city of São Paulo. Another 33 make up the list. Altogether, the capital has 96 districts.

The information refers to the period from 11 to 15 June. In the 37 districts, the CI (incidence coefficient) —the Ministry of Health’s criterion for classifying this type of disease in relation to the population— is above one hundred, which means an average level of incidence. When the index exceeds 300, it is considered an epidemic.

In Vila Guilherme, the index reached 298.2. Next are Penha (255.8), Santana (239.1) and Barra Funda (223.2). There are three levels of incidence: low (less than 100 cases/100,000 inhab.), medium (100 and 300 cases/100,000 inhab.) and high (more than 300 cases/100,000 inhab.).

To arrive at the incidence coefficient, simply multiply the number of new cases by 100,000 and divide by the total population of the area in question. The indicator shows the risk of residents getting sick and the likelihood of new cases.

Of the 37, in four there was no change in the incidence, in relation to the penultimate bulletin —from May 28 to June 10: Butantã and Vila Jaguara, in the western region, and Sé and Pari, in the central region. The remaining 33 presented higher coefficients in the comparison.

“I hate this saying that we have to fight the mosquito, the breeding sites and place all the responsibility on the citizen. The dengue mosquito is very adapted to the urban environment. In addition to the climatological conditions, there are public spaces”, says Evaldo Stanislau de Araújo, infectologist at Hospital das Clínicas in São Paulo.

“It’s no use for people to be careful at home if public spaces are poorly maintained. The mosquito breeds anywhere that can accumulate water, in a poorly maintained garden, where there is garbage, in an abandoned and unsupervised vacant lot, and in the breeding grounds inside of the houses. My message is: research in these places what is wrong”, says Araújo. “I think they mirror an urban reality of poor public space care.”

The Municipal Health Department said it has invested in the Municipal Program to Combat Dengue and other Arboviruses, with the installation of 20,000 traps for self-dissemination of larvicides in all regions of the city, with a history of higher incidence of dengue cases.

In the north zone, the city hall carried out two joint efforts to combat dengue in May, on the 10th and 20th, with house-to-house visits, elimination of breeding sites, nebulization with insecticide and guidance to the population on care to prevent mosquito proliferation aedes aegypti. On May 18, the secretariat reinforced the mosquito combat fleet with seven more light pickup trucks equipped with insecticide dispersal equipment, and doubled the operational capacity in the northern region.

In 2023, so far, 2,186,458 actions to prevent Aedes aegypti have been carried out in the capital, according to the secretariat.

Dengue numbers in the city

From January 1st to June 15th of this year, the city recorded 15,520 cases of dengue. In the same period of 2022, there were 10,592 and, in 2021, 6,804. Regarding deaths, dengue killed eight people in 2023 and two last year.

In the entire year of 2015, the capital of São Paulo accounted for 103,186 cases of dengue. In 2016, it dropped to 16,283. In the following two years, it added 866 and 586, respectively. In 2019, it reached 16,966. In 2020, it totaled 2026 confirmations and in 2021, 7,447. Some factors explain this uneven cycle.

It is part of the characteristics of the disease. Each peak can be interspersed for three or four years with fewer cases. The dengue virus has four serotypes. When an individual is infected by one of the types, he acquires immunity against that virus, but is still susceptible to the others.

Dengue is an acute febrile infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes. aedes aegypti. It can be benign or serious. The main symptoms are high fever —above 38°C—, pain in the body, head, behind the eyes and joints, malaise, lack of appetite and red spots on the body.

If benign, in most cases it heals with hydration. David Uip, infectologist and dean of the Centro Universitário Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, explains that, in addition to hemorrhagic shock, severe dengue can cause myocarditis —inflammation of the middle layer of the heart muscle— and encephalitis.

“Dengue is becoming more severe in its clinical forms and with different levels of severity. If you increase the incidence and prevalence, if you have more cases, the risk of severe disease is more frequent. The other point is the difficulty of diagnosis. it is clinical and is often confused with other diseases with similar symptoms, such as leptospirosis and Rocky Mountain spotted fever. With the serological test it is no different, because Covid-19 interfered with the immune response of antibodies”, says Uip.

“The third difficulty is the conduct that is taken based on the diagnostic presumption, because you are going to decide the conduct without being sure. alters the liver and kidney”, he adds.

For the former secretary, field work, carried out by community health and sanitation agents, is important in combating the disease.

“I was secretary of health for five years and of another secretary as well [Ciência, Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento em Saúde]. I had a great experience, mainly in dengue campaigns. I went to the streets a lot. Dengue is a disease you have to talk about 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Changing habits, not having focus, not even standing water. You have to go out into the field to see house by house. It has to be very intense, well remembered and monitored”, says Uip.

aedes aegypti

The mosquito breeds in standing water. It lives for about 30 days, inside houses or on land. In addition to dengue, it transmits chikungunya, zika and urban yellow fever. It is the female mosquito that bites the human to suck the blood —food necessary for the maturation of the eggs. It has a preferably diurnal habit, especially in the early morning and at dusk.

How to eliminate breeding sites

• Cover the water tank and other reservoirs
• Remove leaves or dirt that can cause water to accumulate in the gutters
• Store tires in covered places
• Store bottles upside down
• Clean drains, gutters and other types of water run-off
• Clean and remove water build-up from air conditioning trays and refrigerators
• Wash the edges of containers that accumulate water; use soap and loofah
• Put sand in potted plant dishes and clean them weekly
• Remove accumulated water in plants and trees —beware of bromeliads and bamboos
• Buckets must be upside down.
• clean the pools
• Watch out for bottle caps, dry leaves, toys and containers that can accumulate water.