Income Tax: will you declare it for the 1st time? See tips – 03/23/2023 – Market

Almost 3 million taxpayers are expected to make their debut in the 2023 Income Tax declaration. for the first time, according to the historical average of delivery of the declaration.

To help those who have never done the Income Tax, the Sheet looked for specialists who gave tips and showed the steps that must be followed to accomplish the task.

The income tax return must be submitted by 11:59 pm on May 31st. If the person who is obliged to settle the accounts does not meet the deadline, he will pay a fine. The minimum amount is R$ 165.74 and can reach 20% of the tax due in the year.

1 – Check if you need to declare

The rookie’s first measure is to know if he really has to declare the IR. The rules were published in the Official Gazette on February 28 and one of the main conditions is to have received more than BRL 28,559.70 in salary, retirement and INSS pension in 2022.

Taxpayers who, in 2022:

• Received taxable income above BRL 28,559.70, which includes salary, retirement and pension from the INSS or public bodies

• Received exempt income, non-taxable or taxed exclusively at source (such as savings income or FGTS) above BRL 40,000

• Had a capital gain (ie, profit) on the sale (transfer of ownership) of goods or rights subject to the levy of tax; This is the case, for example, of the sale of a car with a value greater than the amount paid for the purchase.

• Was exempt from IR on capital gain on the sale of residential properties, followed by the acquisition of another residential property within 180 days

• Carried out operations on the Stock Exchange that, in total, were above R$ 40 thousand or obtained profit from the sale of shares subject to the levy of tax

• Had, on December 31, possession or ownership of goods and rights, including bare land, in excess of R$ 300,000

• Obtained gross revenue in rural activity in an amount greater than R$ 142,798.50

• Do you want to offset losses from rural activity in 2022 or previous years

• He moved to Brazil in 2022 and was in that condition on December 31, 2022

If the taxpayer’s situation in 2022 does not fit these conditions, the declaration does not need to be made, except if he had IR withheld at source. “In this case, it is up to the taxpayer to decide. If he makes the declaration, he will receive 100% of the amount that was withheld”, explains accountant Fernando José Silva Simões, from Agilize Contabilidade.

2 – Time to separate the documents

The taxpayer required to declare must look back on what he did in 2022, especially in the case of income received, and separate all necessary documents.

It is time to collect income information (sent by companies, financial institutions and INSS until February 28th), invoices and receipts from doctors, dentists, school and other expenses that are deductible on the IR, in addition to personal data such as CPF, address, voter registration and others. The taxpayer needs to separate both his information and that of the dependents that are included in the declaration.

Tax lawyer Jonathas Lisse, from VRL Advogados, recommends that the step be done in advance to avoid forgetting. “A lot of attention is needed, as the Revenue is very high, mainly on expenses with doctors and health insurance, as this is almost entirely deducted from the IR”, he says.

3- Install the declaration program

The statement can be filled out and delivered by computer, tablet, cell phone or e-CAC (Virtual Service Center) of Revenue. For those who are going to fill in the computer, it is necessary to download the program that has been available since March 9th.

In the declaration by cell phone or tablet, the taxpayer must update or download the My Income Tax app. Completion and submission occur through the same program, a measure created to facilitate taxpayer accountability.

4- Fill in the declaration

Now the time for accountability has come. As soon as they enter the program, the rookie taxpayer needs to select the New tab and choose the type of declaration, which, in this case, is the Annual Adjustment Declaration.

Then, the Revenue and experts recommend choosing the pre-filled statement, which contains data sent by companies, financial institutions, service providers, real estate registries, entities that received donations and others.

The feature was expanded in 2023, but you must have a silver or gold level account at gov.br. Click here to find out how to get it.

However, the Revenue warns that the taxpayer should not rely only on pre-filled data. It is necessary to check them, correct what is necessary and add what is missing. “If there is a discrepancy, it is necessary to inform whoever provided the information to make the correction. It is up to the taxpayer to validate the data”, says Cintia Senna, master in financial education.

Then fill out the forms carefully, review the data and don’t forget to include the dependents’ information. “That’s where most of the errors in the declaration occur”, explains Jonathas Lisse.

According to experts, the chips that deserve more attention are

• Taxpayer identification, where are the personal data
• Exempt and non-taxable income, where the taxpayer informs the exempt portion of retirement and pension, company profits and dividends, alimony, FGTS (Indemnity Fund for Length of Service) and employment contract indemnity with or without just cause
• Payments made: description of amounts spent on education, health and others
• Assets and rights: real estate, vehicles, bank accounts, investments and others

5 – Simplified or complete model?

The taxpayer needs to define the declaration model to be delivered. The Income Tax program provides calculations by legal deductions (known as the complete model) and by simplified discount, and whether there will be tax to pay (the taxpayer will have to pay more to the Revenue) or tax to refund (the taxpayer will receive an amount of return).

Who makes the statement is responsible for defining which is the most advantageous. The simplified model stipulates a standard discount of 20%, with a limit of R$ 16,754.34. The declaration with deductions is considered advantageous when it exceeds 20% of taxable income in the year.

6 – See if there are pending issues

After completing the forms, it is important for the taxpayer to review the declaration to see if everything is correct. “Check the information provided, CPFs, CNPJs, addresses, descriptions and values. That’s why it’s important to do it in advance”, says Fernando José.

Then, the taxpayer must click on the item Verify Pending Items in the Declaration Sheets. The resource points out if there are errors. Pending issues flagged in red prevent sending, while yellow ones do not.

The resource does not check values ​​and the evaluation is only made on what is informed in the statement. If there are gaps in the data or omissions, the Revenue retains the statement in the fine mesh, prevents the payment of any refund and the taxpayer will have to clarify the differences, and may pay a fine.

Those who have tax to pay can pay it in up to eight installments. The Darf (Federal Revenue Collection Document) is paid month by month, but it is also possible to place the payment in automatic debit from the first installment. For this, it is necessary to declare the IR until May 10.

With the option made, click on the Submit the declaration button. The deadline for submission is May 31 at 11:59 pm.

EXPIRATION OF INCOME TAX SHARES

Dates for those who have tax to pay

• Option for automatic debit of the first installment or single installment: until May 10

• Maturity of the 1st installment or single installment: until May 31

• Maturity of other quotas: last business day of each month, until the eighth quota on December 28

• Darf payment for those who donate tax to child, adolescent and elderly funds: until May 31

7- Print and keep the receipt

When the statement is sent, the program will offer the option to print a copy of the receipt and statement. “It is important that the printing is done and kept for five years, as well as all the documents used in the declaration. It is a prevention in case the Revenue questions in the future”, says Jonathas Lisse.

The taxpayer must accept the option and a PDF copy will be made available. In the event of a problem at the time of submission, you can make a copy later by clicking on the “Download file of the delivered declaration” field. Choose the year and download the file.

8- Monitor your statement

The Federal Revenue provides the follow-up of your declaration. Twenty-four hours after submission, the body informs whether it was approved or was retained due to any pending issue. To do so, access the e-CAC website, you must have a gov.br silver or gold level account and enter My Income Tax.

Monitoring can also be done in the Income Tax Refund Consultation System, informing the CPF, date of birth and fiscal year (in this case it is 2022).

If there are pending issues, it is necessary to correct the declaration, going back to the IRPF program. Choose the rectifying statement option, having the delivery receipt number in hand. See which pending issue was flagged, correct it and send it. A new receipt will be issued and it is indicated to print the statement again, in addition to the new receipt.

When rectifying the declaration, the taxpayer is allowed to change the declaration model until May 31. After this period, the chosen model cannot be exchanged.