Broken Heart Syndrome: Know the impact of suffering on heart health

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The symptoms of this syndrome resemble a myocardial infarction, with chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations and even sudden fainting.

Broken heart is not always synonymous with disappointment in love, it can also be a syndrome that is related to emotional stress. Broken heart syndrome, also known as stress-induced cardiomyopathy or Takotsubo syndrome, is characterized by symptoms that resemble a myocardial infarction, although there is no blockage of the coronary arteries.

“During an episode, the left ventricle of the heart undergoes paralysis at the apex and center, which leaves it without the strength to carry out its proper function. This picture is triggered by excessive exposure to stress hormones, such as adrenaline, which are produced when we are subjected to strong emotions”,

explains cardiologist Gabriel Gonzalo, from the Sírio-Libanês Social Responsibility Institute (IRSSL).

This syndrome is not exclusive to people who experience the end of a romantic relationship, it can be triggered by any stressful event, such as the loss of a loved one, an accident, financial problems or even an intense argument. Among the symptoms are chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations and even sudden fainting.

Although considered rare, Broken Heart Syndrome can have serious consequences and even lead to death. It is estimated that 1% to 4% of people affected by this syndrome may progress to death, especially when not treated. This occurs due to complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, intracavitary thrombus formation or refractory heart failure.

A relevant aspect is the higher prevalence of this syndrome in women. “Hormonal changes, especially during menopause, when there is a decrease in the production of estrogen, a hormone that protects the heart, may contribute to this increased susceptibility. In addition, women tend to be more sensitive to physical and emotional stress.”, says the cardiologist.

In addition to the physical symptoms, Broken Heart Syndrome can take a significant emotional toll. Feelings of deep sadness, anxiety and depression are common during this time. Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms, but is similar to treatment for heart failure.

Among them, the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, diuretics and beta blockers, as well as the use of vasodilators to address the mechanism that caused the problem and may even include antidepressants and anxiolytics if applicable.

Although there is no effective way for total prevention, Dr. Gabriel explains that adopting certain habits can contribute to better heart health.

“We must adopt a healthier lifestyle, both physically and emotionally, seeking activities that relieve our tension and promote self-control, such as physical activity and the practice of sports or relaxation activities”,

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*With advisory information

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