Bolsonaro released 2,182 pesticides in 4 years, a record for a government since 2003

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Of this total, 98 are unpublished and 366 are biological, that is, they have a low impact on the environment. No president had approved so many products of these two types, according to a historical series by the Ministry of Agriculture. The government of former president Jair Bolsonaro released 2,182 pesticides between 2019 and 2022, the highest number of records for a presidential administration since 2003, according to data from the General Coordination of Agrochemicals and Related Products (CGAA) of the Ministry of Agriculture. The historical series of the ministry began in 2000, in the second year of the last term of Fernando Henrique Cardoso (FHC). The latest pesticide releases for 2022 were released in December. Approval of pesticides has been growing year by year since 2016. Arte/g1 The survey shows that registrations of pesticides have been growing year by year in the country since 2016. It also points out that: of the 2,182 pesticides released in the Bolsonaro government, 98 are new which is also a record for a government in the historical series; the remainder is considered generic, that is, they are “copies” of unpublished raw materials or final products based on ingredients that already exist on the market; of the total number of releases, 1,816 are chemical and 366 are biological: biological products have a low environmental impact and are aimed at organic agriculture – under Brazilian law, they are also called pesticides; biological registrations during the Bolsonaro government also broke a record for a presidential administration. A source from the Ministry of Agriculture told g1 that the high number of releases is related to a reorganization, in 2016, of the National Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa) — which analyzes the risks of pesticides to human health. According to the source, from that year there was an orientation to speed up the analyses. Professor at the USP School of Agriculture José Octávio Mentem also associates the record with greater efficiency of Organs registering agencies. They are: Anvisa, Ibama (which analyzes environmental risks) and the Ministry of Agriculture, which formalizes the records. “There is still a very long queue, but due to better articulation between Anvisa, Ibama and the Ministry of Agriculture, there was this increase in registered products”, he adds. In 2022 alone, 98 new products were approved, a record in the Ministry’s historical series. Art/g1 The new Lula government approved, in January 2023, 4 products, according to the same Ministry document. These releases, however, have not yet been published in the Official Gazette (DOU). Read also: Hormones, insects, viruses: understand what biological products are Why does food production depend so much on pesticides? 2022 breaks new record Last year alone, 652 pesticides entered the market, the highest number for a year in the historical series. The value also represents a 16% increase compared to the 2021 total, which had already been a record. The approval of biological products was also the highest for a year: in total, 136 products were released. Organic products have a low environmental impact, are aimed at organic agriculture, but conventional production has also used them. Art/g1 The unpublished also broke a record: there were 43 products registered in 2022 – 8 for industries and 35 for use by farmers. Of the 35 released to rural producers, 22 were considered “very dangerous to the environment” by the Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (Ibama). See below for details on each. List of unpublished pesticides approved in 2022. Arte/g1 How registration works The endorsement for a new pesticide in the country goes through 3 regulatory bodies: Anvisa, which assesses health risks; Ibama, which analyzes environmental hazards; Ministry of Agriculture, which analyzes whether it is effective in killing pests and diseases in the field. It is the folder that formalizes the registration, as long as the product has been approved by all bodies. A bill that has been pending in Congress for 23 years provides for centralizing the endorsement of records at the Ministry of Agriculture, reducing the decision-making power of Ibama and Anvisa. Surrounded by controversies, the project is being discussed again in the Senate and should be discussed again at the end of the recess of Congress, as of February 1st. The text also provides for the replacement of the use of the term “pesticide” for “pesticides and environmental control products and the like”. In addition, it creates a temporary register of pesticides that have not yet been analyzed by Brazilian bodies, but which are approved in three member countries of the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). WHAT SAYS WHO IS AGAINST THE PL WHAT SAYS WHO IS IN FAVOR OF THE PL Types of pesticide registrations: Technical product: new active ingredient; not commercialized, it goes in the composition of products that will be sold. Equivalent technical product: “copies” of unpublished active principles, which can be made when patents fall and will be used in the formulation of commercial products. It is common for companies to register the same active principle several times, in order to be able to manufacture specific poisons for different plantations, for example; Formulated product: it is the final product, what arrives for the farmer; Equivalent formulated product: “generic” final product.

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